1- # @(#)africa 7.39
1+ # @(#)africa 8.3
2+ # <pre>
23
34# This data is by no means authoritative; if you think you know better,
45# go ahead and edit the file (and please send any changes to
56# tz@elsie.nci.nih.gov for general use in the future).
67
7- # From Paul Eggert (1999 -03-22):
8+ # From Paul Eggert (2006 -03-22):
89#
910# A good source for time zone historical data outside the U.S. is
10- # Thomas G. Shanks, The International Atlas (5th edition),
11- # San Diego: ACS Publications, Inc. (1999 ).
11+ # Thomas G. Shanks and Rique Pottenger , The International Atlas (6th edition),
12+ # San Diego: ACS Publications, Inc. (2003 ).
1213#
1314# Gwillim Law writes that a good source
1415# for recent time zone data is the International Air Transport
1516# Association's Standard Schedules Information Manual (IATA SSIM),
1617# published semiannually. Law sent in several helpful summaries
1718# of the IATA's data after 1990.
1819#
19- # Except where otherwise noted, Shanks is the source for entries through 1990,
20- # and IATA SSIM is the source for entries after 1990 .
20+ # Except where otherwise noted, Shanks & Pottenger is the source for
21+ # entries through 1990, and IATA SSIM is the source for entries afterwards .
2122#
2223# Another source occasionally used is Edward W. Whitman, World Time Differences,
2324# Whitman Publishing Co, 2 Niagara Av, Ealing, London (undated), which
6465# Algeria
6566# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
6667Rule Algeria 1916 only - Jun 14 23:00s 1:00 S
67- Rule Algeria 1916 1919 - Oct Sun<=7 23:00s 0 -
68+ Rule Algeria 1916 1919 - Oct Sun>=1 23:00s 0 -
6869Rule Algeria 1917 only - Mar 24 23:00s 1:00 S
6970Rule Algeria 1918 only - Mar 9 23:00s 1:00 S
7071Rule Algeria 1919 only - Mar 1 23:00s 1:00 S
@@ -74,7 +75,7 @@ Rule Algeria 1921 only - Mar 14 23:00s 1:00 S
7475Rule Algeria 1921 only - Jun 21 23:00s 0 -
7576Rule Algeria 1939 only - Sep 11 23:00s 1:00 S
7677Rule Algeria 1939 only - Nov 19 1:00 0 -
77- Rule Algeria 1944 1945 - Apr Mon<=7 2:00 1:00 S
78+ Rule Algeria 1944 1945 - Apr Mon>=1 2:00 1:00 S
7879Rule Algeria 1944 only - Oct 8 2:00 0 -
7980Rule Algeria 1945 only - Sep 16 1:00 0 -
8081Rule Algeria 1971 only - Apr 25 23:00s 1:00 S
@@ -85,7 +86,8 @@ Rule Algeria 1978 only - Mar 24 1:00 1:00 S
8586Rule Algeria 1978 only - Sep 22 3:00 0 -
8687Rule Algeria 1980 only - Apr 25 0:00 1:00 S
8788Rule Algeria 1980 only - Oct 31 2:00 0 -
88- # Shanks gives 0:09 for Paris Mean Time; go with Howse's more precise 0:09:21.
89+ # Shanks & Pottenger give 0:09:20 for Paris Mean Time; go with Howse's
90+ # more precise 0:09:21.
8991# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
9092Zone Africa/Algiers 0:12:12 - LMT 1891 Mar 15 0:01
9193 0:09:21 - PMT 1911 Mar 11 # Paris Mean Time
@@ -105,7 +107,8 @@ Zone Africa/Luanda 0:52:56 - LMT 1892
105107 1:00 - WAT
106108
107109# Benin
108- # Whitman says they switched to 1:00 in 1946, not 1934; go with Shanks.
110+ # Whitman says they switched to 1:00 in 1946, not 1934;
111+ # go with Shanks & Pottenger.
109112# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
110113Zone Africa/Porto-Novo 0:10:28 - LMT 1912
111114 0:00 - GMT 1934 Feb 26
@@ -129,7 +132,7 @@ Zone Africa/Bujumbura 1:57:28 - LMT 1890
129132 2:00 - CAT
130133
131134# Cameroon
132- # Whitman says they switched to 1:00 in 1920; go with Shanks.
135+ # Whitman says they switched to 1:00 in 1920; go with Shanks & Pottenger .
133136# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
134137Zone Africa/Douala 0:38:48 - LMT 1912
135138 1:00 - WAT
@@ -228,9 +231,9 @@ Zone Africa/Asmera 2:35:32 - LMT 1870
228231 3:00 - EAT
229232
230233# Ethiopia
231- # From Paul Eggert (1997-10-05 ):
232- # Shanks writes that Ethiopia had six narrowly-spaced time zones between
233- # 1870 and 1890, and that they merged to 38E50 (2:35:20) in 1890.
234+ # From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22 ):
235+ # Shanks & Pottenger write that Ethiopia had six narrowly-spaced time zones
236+ # between 1870 and 1890, and that they merged to 38E50 (2:35:20) in 1890.
234237# We'll guess that 38E50 is for Adis Dera.
235238# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
236239Zone Africa/Addis_Ababa 2:34:48 - LMT 1870
@@ -251,7 +254,8 @@ Zone Africa/Banjul -1:06:36 - LMT 1912
251254
252255# Ghana
253256# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
254- # Whitman says DST was observed from 1931 to ``the present''; go with Shanks.
257+ # Whitman says DST was observed from 1931 to ``the present'';
258+ # go with Shanks & Pottenger.
255259Rule Ghana 1936 1942 - Sep 1 0:00 0:20 GHST
256260Rule Ghana 1936 1942 - Dec 31 0:00 0 GMT
257261# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
@@ -287,13 +291,14 @@ Zone Africa/Maseru 1:50:00 - LMT 1903 Mar
287291 2:00 - SAST
288292
289293# Liberia
290- # From Paul Eggert (2001-07-17 ):
294+ # From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22 ):
291295# In 1972 Liberia was the last country to switch
292296# from a UTC offset that was not a multiple of 15 or 20 minutes.
293297# Howse reports that it was in honor of their president's birthday.
294- # Shanks reports the date as May 1, whereas Howse reports Jan; go with Shanks.
295- # For Liberia before 1972, Shanks reports -0:44, whereas Howse and Whitman
296- # each report -0:44:30; go with the more precise figure.
298+ # Shank & Pottenger report the date as May 1, whereas Howse reports Jan;
299+ # go with Shanks & Pottenger.
300+ # For Liberia before 1972, Shanks & Pottenger report -0:44, whereas Howse and
301+ # Whitman each report -0:44:30; go with the more precise figure.
297302# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
298303Zone Africa/Monrovia -0:43:08 - LMT 1882
299304 -0:43:08 - MMT 1919 Mar # Monrovia Mean Time
@@ -323,7 +328,7 @@ Zone Africa/Tripoli 0:52:44 - LMT 1920
323328 1:00 Libya CE%sT 1959
324329 2:00 - EET 1982
325330 1:00 Libya CE%sT 1990 May 4
326- # The following entries are all from Shanks;
331+ # The following entries are from Shanks & Pottenger ;
327332# the IATA SSIM data contain some obvious errors.
328333 2:00 - EET 1996 Sep 30
329334 1:00 - CET 1997 Apr 4
@@ -402,8 +407,8 @@ Zone Africa/Maputo 2:10:20 - LMT 1903 Mar
402407 2:00 - CAT
403408
404409# Namibia
405- # The 1994-04-03 transition is from Shanks.
406- # Shanks reports no DST after 1998-04; go with IATA.
410+ # The 1994-04-03 transition is from Shanks & Pottenger .
411+ # Shanks & Pottenger report no DST after 1998-04; go with IATA.
407412# RULE NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
408413Rule Namibia 1994 max - Sep Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 S
409414Rule Namibia 1995 max - Apr Sun>=1 2:00 0 -
@@ -487,7 +492,7 @@ Zone Indian/Mahe 3:41:48 - LMT 1906 Jun # Victoria
487492
488493# Sierra Leone
489494# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
490- # Whitman gives Mar 31 - Aug 31 for 1931 on; go with Shanks.
495+ # Whitman gives Mar 31 - Aug 31 for 1931 on; go with Shanks & Pottenger .
491496Rule SL 1935 1942 - Jun 1 0:00 0:40 SLST
492497Rule SL 1935 1942 - Oct 1 0:00 0 WAT
493498Rule SL 1957 1962 - Jun 1 0:00 1:00 SLST
@@ -556,7 +561,6 @@ Zone Africa/Lome 0:04:52 - LMT 1893
556561# Tunisia
557562
558563# From Gwillim Law (2005-04-30):
559- #
560564# My correspondent, Risto Nykanen, has alerted me to another adoption of DST,
561565# this time in Tunisia. According to Yahoo France News
562566# <http://fr.news.yahoo.com/050426/5/4dumk.html>, in a story attributed to AP
@@ -570,6 +574,12 @@ Zone Africa/Lome 0:04:52 - LMT 1893
570574# <http://www.lapresse.tn/archives/archives280405/actualites/lheure.html>
571575# ... DST for 2005: on: Sun May 1 0h standard time, off: Fri Sept. 30,
572576# 1h standard time.
577+ #
578+ # From Atef Loukil (2006-03-28):
579+ # The daylight saving time will be the same each year:
580+ # Beginning : the last Sunday of March at 02:00
581+ # Ending : the last Sunday of October at 03:00 ...
582+ # http://www.tap.info.tn/en/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=1188&Itemid=50
573583
574584# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
575585Rule Tunisia 1939 only - Apr 15 23:00s 1:00 S
@@ -595,8 +605,11 @@ Rule Tunisia 1989 only - Mar 26 0:00s 1:00 S
595605Rule Tunisia 1990 only - May 1 0:00s 1:00 S
596606Rule Tunisia 2005 only - May 1 0:00s 1:00 S
597607Rule Tunisia 2005 only - Sep 30 1:00s 0 -
598- # Shanks gives 0:09 for Paris Mean Time; go with Howse's more precise 0:09:21.
599- # Shanks says the 1911 switch occurred on Mar 9; go with Howse's Mar 11.
608+ Rule Tunisia 2006 max - Mar lastSun 2:00s 1:00 S
609+ Rule Tunisia 2006 max - Oct lastSun 2:00s 0 -
610+ # Shanks & Pottenger give 0:09:20 for Paris Mean Time; go with Howse's
611+ # more precise 0:09:21.
612+ # Shanks & Pottenger say the 1911 switch was on Mar 9; go with Howse's Mar 11.
600613# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
601614Zone Africa/Tunis 0:40:44 - LMT 1881 May 12
602615 0:09:21 - PMT 1911 Mar 11 # Paris Mean Time
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